Figure 1. High Integrate Broad-Band Microstrip Antenna Array Using Multilayer Printed Circuit Board (MPCB) Technology. 0 GHz; the width of the microstrip is designed for 50 Ω and the length for a 180 degree phase delay. 1. This calculator is designed to calculate the inductance of a microstrip given its dimensions (width, length and the distance of. 8GHz since this is a free Table 2: The dimensions of proposed antenna. Use the frequency. 1 Trophy points 1,298 Activity points 2,319 Hi all I am not able to understand the meaning of input impedance (edge) in this link em: talk - Microstrip Patch Antenna. The proposed antenna operated and resonated on two frequencies of 7. In addition, if GAMMA, VSWR, or dB is known, the calculator can convert between the three. There is also a dielectric material placed above the conductor. i am talking about the small gap between the patch and microstrip. The microstrip line will be designed on a substrate with a dielectric constant of 10. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. Figure 1. When a Teflon dielectric substrate is used, the resonant frequency is 12. 508 mmHow to Design 2. Two antenna miniaturization techniques, based on the use of a Koch fractal contour and a shorting post (connecting the patch to the ground plane), are combined to enable a major size reduction. Circular microstrip antennas are used as low-profile antennas in airborne and spacecraft applications. Other parameters for circular patch Design Other parameters for designing the hexagonal shape are reactance of circular patch and resonance frequency. 8 GHz, which. The via has a radius of 0. Patch antenna with a quarter-wavelength matching section. This tool will also give you the magnitude of the coupled voltage between. To determine the width (W), the microstrip patch antenna calculator was used to provide an initial starting point. Relative Dielectric Constant ( εr ): Track Width: mm. An arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch antennaDesign a quarter-wavelength microstrip impedance transformer to match a patch antenna of 80 Ω with a 50-Ω line. Connecting a coaxial probe into the antenna on the back side of the antenna. 8 mm 2 and is assigned a PEC boundary condition. 44 GHz, S11 is only around -5 dB and the input impedance is 123 + j57 Ω, which are both too high. band which is used by all wireless networks and is freely accessible. I could not able to upload hfss file, it says not allowed. The designed antenna is realized using microstrip line feed on a 1. Feeding is extremely important with the patch antenna, and it contributes to bandwidth, crosspolarization levels, and ripple. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. 5. Analyze. Patch Antenna Calculator. everything RF has created a series of RF calculators to help engineers and students with common calculations that they need to conduct frequently. An arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch is illustrated in Figure 5. 85K subscribers Subscribe 3. Placing an inset for a microstrip feedline into the antenna. . R w = Terminating resistance between two. If you have questions, comments, and/or suggestions please contact me by email: support "at" emtalk. Units do not matter; use same units for (w) and (h), waveport size will be in the same units as (w) and (h). 3), 0. Microstrip Patch Antenna: From Simulation to Realization em: talk - Electromagnetics and Microwave Engineering emtalk, electromagnetics forum, electromagnetic tutorials, microwave engineering forum, microwave engineering tutorials, microstrip calculatorOverview. I was using the following calculator to try and calculate what the thickness needs to be and got a result of approx 3mm, this seems very large! I used the following parameters: Dielectric Constant (εr): 4. Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator Formula. FW Feed width 1mm. By definition, a printed antenna is one that is fabricated using standard photolithography technique. 5 GHz and calculate its resonant frequency. The patchMicrostrip object is a microstrip patch antenna. This is why a low-noise amplifier (LNA) is the first active device in a communications system. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) are required. An individual microstrip antenna consists of a patch of metal foil of various shapes (a patch antenna) on the surface of a PCB (printed circuit board), with a metal foil ground plane on the other side of the board. Figure 4. This paper presents the design of a compact circular microstrip patch antenna for WLAN applications which covers the band 5. Microstrip impedance calculator. 5000e+09 Tunable. The antenna array with dimensions of (9 × 40 × 0. thank you so much. 0x5. 8 W/Kg has been demonstrated that outperforms than the exiting imaging methods [ 10 ]. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. It is an Excel Calculator for a Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna. The input impedance at the radiation edge is also computed. Only 2 slots were taken out of the regular patch shape, and a generic feeding line structure. Figure 5. Be aware that there are many microstrip impedance calculators on the Internet that give sometimes widely varying results. Such a microstrip is constructed with two traces referenced to the same reference plane with a dielectric material between them. 2 permittivity and 1. This is a tool I developed to assist us at the Cambridge University Spaceflight Club to design a patch antenna for telemetry. This document covers the theory, design steps, simulation and verification of various types of power dividers, such as Wilkinson, T-junction, and branch-line. Connecting a coaxial probe into the antenna on the back side of the antenna. 8 GHz, which. The patch without the feeding network was simulated in Ansoft HFSS to adjust W for resonance at 2. the calculator for microstrip line in emtalk asks for "elctrical length in degrees" and i am not able to calculate. 06/27/2007: EM Talk Blog added. For example, if you wish to input "25000000", just type "25M" instead. Regards. This technique is commonly employed with patch antennas. In. 33 hz and the VSWR value is 0. They hadlarge in intensity and extravagant because of the province. For the power and transmission line of the first dipole which in this case will be the same distance through the web we perform the calculation at 50 Ω with a frequency of 1. 6mm thick FR-4 dielectric substrate with dimensions of 46. Design 2. Abstract and Figures. Abstract. Reference: R. ← RF Calculators. 8 mm 2 and is assigned a PEC boundary condition. An imaging system based on THz spectrum incorporating nanomaterial-based microstrip antenna provides better resolution at lower cost. 8% was observed. In this proposed paper, a single band microstrip patch antenna for fifth generation (5G) wireless application was presented. Due to its planar configuration and ease of integration with microstrip technology, the microstrip patch antenna has been heavily studied and is often used as elements for an. The main equation is attributable to Harold A. 8 GHz and with a characteristic impedance of 75 ohms. The feed forward back 6 8 132500 Epoe hs I propagation. Recent advancements in communication systems require a high possible data rate and high gain to overcome the path losses. This is accomplished through proper choice of the mode (field configuration) of. The method uses a thin film to decrease the antenna’s resonance frequency while keeping the antenna’s patch. 7. While commonly constructed using printed circuit boards, this structure can also be built using other materials as long as there is a conductor separated from. Note: Units do not matter for this calculation as long as they are consistent. 8 W/Kg has been demonstrated that outperforms than the exiting imaging methods [ 10 ]. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. 1. INPUT DATA. Recently, with the development of the multilayer printed circuit board (MPCB) technology, the microstrip antennas can be designed and fabricated from one-dimensional (1D) to 2D and even 3D structures. . First the model of the microstrip patch antenna has to be drawn in HFSS. The microstrip patch antenna array is designed for WLAN. Press Synthesize to see the results. The thickness of patch is t on dielectric substrate of height h supported by ground plane. 2 Microstrip patch antenna designed using IE3D The results tabulated below are obtained after varying the feed location along the length of the patch from the origin (center of patch) to its right most edge. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. This tool calculates backward crosstalk which is usually the dominant crosstalk component. It is interesting to note that one of the designs use inset feed. The microstrip patch antenna spots much pertinence in wireless transmission. 137 µm After determining the dimensions of the microstrip antenna. In this course, we detail microstrip patch antenna array creation as a method of design. 946 for silver, or 1. The proposed 1 × 8 arrays. 27 mm 3 and the substrate material is Rogers RT/duroid 6010/6010LM. 214. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. 4 and 5 GHz. The dimensions of the patch is 4. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. 2017. Press. 04/03/2007: Microstrip Patch Antenna: From Simulation to Realization added in the Tutorials\Tools section. Enter values for L and W for the microstrip patch to determine its fr. HFSS is one of the better solution for Patch antenna design. SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONAbout Patch Antenna Calculator The resource is currently listed in dxzone. No need to download an excel sheet to do your noise figure calculations!The dimensions of the patch is 4. You can start with simpler formula: L ≈ 0. Since 1986, FCC rules have provided for unlicensed spread-spectrum operation in the 915 MHz (902928 MHz), 2. 0x1. There are different ways of designing stacked patches, primarily differing in the way their feed is. Crosstalk is unwanted coupled energy between traces. Track Thickness: mm. Analyze Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. more. This work suggests a new form of dual-band patch antenna for radio frequency identification applications (RFID) in the UHF band and the microwave band. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo). 70x 38. This calculator provides accurate microstrip transmission line analysis and synthesis. This paper presents a square-slotted microstrip patch antenna at 37 GHz resonant frequency for mmWave wireless communication. Introduction. 09/08/2007: Online VSWR calculator added. 45 for gold. The ANSI-based circular microstrip patch antenna is designed to work at 7. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) calculator determines reflection coefficient (GAMMA), VSWR, and return loss (dB) for a mismatched line. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. 1 GHz to 10. Adopted from A CPW-fed Rectangular Patch Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX ApplicationsIn HFSS you can do this by de-embedding (there is a tutorial on emtalk. They are suitable for vehicle based satellite link antennas, global positioning systems, radar for missiles and mobile handheld radios. The via has a radius of 0. Unequal-split Power Divider Calculator. 4. I try to simulate a patch antenna as defined in emtalk, based on altering the example Simple_patch_antenna. 4 GHz microstrip patch antenna fed by a microstrip line on a 2. 27 mm, and is assigned a perfect conductor material. The reduction of mutual coupling between antenna elements has been a research hotspot in the design of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Hits: 6158. Legal Statement : em: talk 2006-2011. The far field results are compared for the following configurations: Pin-fed, finite ground and solved using MoM (SEP). proposed a microstrip fractal patch antenna with a COVID-19 shape in order to create a miniature antenna for dual-band wireless, satellite, and radar applications. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. 04/03/2007: Microstrip Patch Antenna: From Simulation to Realization added in the Tutorials\Tools section. This work describes an array of a 2×1 microstrip patch antenna with 3. This design claimed a simulation for a dual band patch antenna, with a kinda basic geometry. These three methods are outlined in the image below. The spectral behaviour of 1D PCs exhibits the PCs’ potential characteristics and. The proposed antenna has two cuts at two of its edges in order. Modeling approximation can be used to design the microstrip trace. 127mm thickness substrate (3. The microstrip patch were evaluated and designed using approximate equations in Balanis [5] to get the dimension of the ground plane. Now, i want to wrap the antenna on a cylindrical surface and simulate using HFSS tool. The goal is to match the input impedance (Zin) to the transmission line (Z0). Model of microstrip line showing cross-section. Use this tool to determine the the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. A low profile, unidirectional, dual layer, and narrow bandwidth microstrip patch antenna is designed to resonate at 2. How can you match the impedance of microstrip antenna?The rule of thumb is approx 1/3 of the distance between the two edges. A miniaturized antenna with low power levels of 3. This calculator helps you calculate the characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable given its dimensions. Output is radius and effective radius of the circular patch. It is possible to match the patch antenna from below 30Ω to above 200Ω. Microstrip patch antenna is used in mobile handset due to simple look, lower cost, small size and light in weight. This study strives to contribute in wireless communication and networking systems. With hundreds of coaxial RF cables in-stock and ready to ship worldwide immediately, our coax capacitance calculator lets you calculate the impedance of a coax by allowing you to enter the outer diameter dielectric width and inner conductor diameter. The substrate parameters. The required inputs are the Dk value for the dielectric constant of the PCB substrate, and the. 4GHz to 5. 4. Three-dimensional far-field radiation pattern of a microstrip patch antenna (2. They are mostly used at microwave frequencies. 1: Geometry of inset-fed microstrip patch antenna Table 1: Physical dimensions of inset-fed microstrip patch antenna Operating frequency, in GHz 10 Dielectric constant, ε 2. py I altered the parameters (size, substrate epsR etc), and tried to add a microstrip. i am talking about the small gap between the patch and microstrip. This can be set to zero, but the calculated loss will not include conductor losses. Three-dimensional far-field radiation pattern of a microstrip patch antenna (2. Placing an inset for a microstrip feedline into the antenna. **Note: Like our stripline impedance calculator, all of our RF calculators allow SI prefix input. Units do not matter; use same units for (w) and (h), waveport size will be in the same units as (w) and (h). An arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch is illustrated in Figure 5. the calculator for microstrip line in emtalk asks for "elctrical length in degrees" and i am not able to calculate. However, in this paper, hexagonal microstrip patch antennas are designed and simulated for wireless backhaul at 3. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. Introduction In recent years, the microstrip patch antenna has widely been used for various specific applications in satellite communications, aerospace, radars, biomedical applications, mobile communication for GSM, and remote sensing applications [1] because of its special features like ease of analysis and fabrication, low cost, light. em: talk - Electromagnetics and Microwave Engineering. The circumference of the patch is C and the area bounded by the circumference is S. 45 - empirical coefficient mainly for open end effect. Calculate the edge input impedance for the antenna. The. A frequency range of 1. There are two types of cross talk forward and backward crosstalk. Following is the list of useful converters and calculators. Low power handling. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. One of the features of this type of microstrip is the coupling between lines. 3mm (100Ohm). 2. A. Hruang science invites research papers for the current edition in Science, Engineering , Technology,Pharmacy, Agriculture,Mining. TheThe geometry of the designed microstripline feed microstrip patch antenna is as shown in fig. First use a online patch antenna calculator, for which there are several, utilizing dielectric constant, dielectric height and center frequency. 57 mm thickness. The plots show the magnitude and phase of the input impedance. Sayeed Fig. This means that on each side of the feed line there should be a distance of 1/2 the microstrip width on each side of the microstrip between the microstrip feed line and the patch antenna. Welcome to EM Talk. The proposed antenna is designed using the artificial neural networks (ANN) method based on the multilayer perceptron structure; it is composed of a coplanar. Be sure of which one you finally decide to use. Design a microstrip line around 1. . The left-handed medium for the flat lens is realized in HFSS with an effective medium approach; the substrate is assigned a constant negative value of permittivity and permeability. In the present work an attempt has been made to design and simulation of rectangular microstrip double patch antenna for X band using microstrip feed line techniques. Enter the desired resonant frequency (fr)to determine the physical length (L) and width (W) of the microstrip line. Calculation assumes that you are using a 50 Ohm microstrip transmission line. The microstrip line will be designed on a substrate with a dielectric constant of 10. At some point the amplitude will stay constant. A single element, 1×2 and 2×2 microstrip rectangular patch antennas were designed and simulated in Computer Simulation Tool (CST) Microwave Studio. The most common version of printed antenna is microstrip antenna, which consists of a metallic patch above a ground plane. Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator Formula. The patch antenna is designed for 2. most intuitively appealing models for a microstrip antenna. when i insert the microstrip in patch. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. Patch antenna feedline with (left) direct feeding, (center) inset feeding, and (right) coaxial feeding. By understanding the microstrip transmission line, designers can. This calculator is designed to calculate the characteristic impedance of a microstrip - a flat conductor suspended over a ground plane with a dielectric between them (see diagram below). The developed process started from designing the single element up to 1 × 8 arrays elements. Coplanar Waveguide With Ground Characteristic Impedance Calculator. It is intended only as a very crude estimate, as I. The designed micro-strip line feed meandered antenna resonating at 203 MHz with a return loss of −26 dB with 10 dB bandwidth of 5 MHz and. In order to design and simulate this array of two by one with microstrip line feed technique, the software used was the Computer Simulation Tool (CST) by Microwave. Both can be realized in microstrip, stripline or even coax, but stripline is the go-to technology for coupled-line couplers. Analyze Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. The dielectric substrate is considered as a finite substrate and an infinite planar multilayer substrate. 7. 15 to 5. Track Thickness: mm. Analyze. Feeding lines is around 0. The dimensions of the patch is 4. The microstrip patch antenna calculator determines the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice. Two points in space, specified as a 2-by-3 matrix corresponding to two three-element vectors of Cartesian. This is an approximation, it doesn't include G12, or the correction to G1 to account for the patch width. 2. 46 GHz rectangular patch antennas printed on low-cost fiberglass substrates (FR-4), mounted on a ground plane and fed by a microstrip line. The stripline impedance calculator provided below is useful for gaining an initial estimate of trace impedance for striplines. The length (L) was chosen to be the same as W to obtain a symmetric radiation pattern. Abdaljabar et al. This tool will also give you the magnitude of the coupled voltage between. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. AddMSLPort (1, patch, start, stop, "x", "y", priority=5, edges2grid='xy') throwing an. Description. With our handy calculator, you can choose from 50 Ohm, 75 Ohm, 93 Ohm and 95 Ohm coaxial cables. Enter the relative permitivity, width of the trace, the ground plane spacing, and the substrate thickness to calculate the characteristic impedance. The microstrip patch antenna calculator determines the length (L) and width (W) of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for a given resonant frequency or vice versa. Coplanar Waveguide With Ground Characteristic Impedance Calculator. Tanδ: Loss tangent of the. Your results will be the height and width of the corresponding rectangular patch antenna. A microstrip width calculator can calculate the width of a microstrip. In the present study circular microstrip patch antenna is designed for the Ultra High frequency (UHF) band of 470MHz-806MHz. At low frequencies near 0 GHz, the input impedance is inductive since. Press Analyze to see the results. I've seen many links as well in for microstrip. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. Press Analyze to see the results. 27 mm 3 and the substrate material is Rogers RT/duroid 6010/6010LM. F. Note that this defines the bandwidth given the operating frequency and wavelength in free space: Microstrip patch antenna bandwidth A Microstrip Patch Antenna Calculator The microstrip patch antenna model used for the numerical simulation in Ansoft HFSS is shown in Fig. 2. In this tutorial, a 2. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. The coaxial cable, along with the balanced two-wire, is the most common type of transmission line used in RF communications. hfss; em: talk - HFSS Tutorial 3: Dispersion Diagram II. Such a microstrip is constructed with two traces referenced to the same reference plane with a dielectric material between them. Use the patchMicrostripCircular object to create a probe-fed circular microstrip patch antenna. The default patch is centered at the origin. Cons-•Narrow bandwidth •Low efficiency •Low Gain Figure 1 –Microstrip Antenna [1] 1. In the case of the substrate, its dimensions are 5. RF calculations and conversions include metric-standard, link. emtalk, electromagnetics forum, electromagnetic tutorials, microwave engineering forum, microwave engineering tutorials, microstrip calculator Check Open neighbouring websites listMicrostrip Crosstalk Calculator Stripline Crosstalk Calculator. A new technique is presented for designing microstrip patch antennas with very good input impedance matching. Three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates in meters. i hope you understand. Microstrip vs. Your results will be the height and width. . py. 06/27/2007: EM Talk Blog added. An individual microstrip antenna consists of a patch of metal foil of various shapes (a patch antenna) on the surface of a PCB (printed circuit board), with a metal foil ground plane on the other side of the board. 5 GHz and calculate its resonant frequency. Enter values for W and L for a microstrip line to determine its Zo and Electrical Length. The unit vector, n, is normal to the patch edge. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) and the frequency of interest are required. W (Line width) :Microstrip Antenna (MSA) Pros-•Light weight & Lower Size •Low Cost •Capable of dual and triple frequency operation. A cross-section of a microstrip transmission line is shown below. 15 to 5. For example: F=10. Press Analyze to see the results. What is a microstrip patch antenna? It is a kind of internal antenna. Enter characteristic impedance, the power split ratio, and divider type. 3 shall be used. If the dielectric constant of the material is not known, you can choose to put in the velocity of. Patch. The antenna is designed using 1. The simulated results such as gain, radiation efficiency and 10 dB impedance bandwidth of rectangular. By default, the dimensions are chosen for an resonant frequency of 15 GHz. 4 GHz. The main objective of this work is to propose an approach for improving the performance of miniaturized microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) that are loaded with a thin film consisting of a high relative permittivity material. So. About Patch Antenna Calculator The resource is currently listed in dxzone. . Wheeler and was published in, "Transmission-line properties of a. Abstract. 3 dB in. 14 with microstrip feeding, is one of the most widely used planar antennas. The substrate parameters (εr and h) and the frequency of interest are required. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. Design Microstrip Transmission Line Around 1. 24 Ω Feeding method: Microstrip Line Feed The design procedure of rectangular microstrip patch antenna is as follows The Length and Width of the microstrip patch antenna is calculated by the Microstrip Patch Calculator,A microstrip is created by etching a trace on a printed circuit board and is mostly used in microwave applications. Here is a problem, I am simulating a grounded coplanar waveguide with width of 0. The design, modeling and analysis of simulation results were. So far. Snell's law applied to the interface of a RHM/LHM. 2. Activity points. In this paper, a review of the existing theory of chara. 2K views 1 year ago CST Tutorial How to Design 2. The proposed antenna is suitable for specific applications, such as security and military systems, which require a narrow bandwidth and a small antenna size. This site is dedicated to providing advice and tutorials to electromagnetics, and microwave engineering related topics. 0x5. The main category is Antenna design calculators that is about Antenna design calculators. The patch feeds are inset to achieve a good match to the feed lines. 45 * λ 20, 0. 11ac 802. The substrate parameters (ε r and h) are required. The required inputs are the Dk value for the dielectric constant of the PCB substrate, and the. 825 GHz. R = Zo (K + 1/K) Where, K2 = P3 / P2; (P3 - power at port 3) (P2 - power at port 2). 29th Jan, 2015. Hi, i'm designing some microstrip antennas and i have some questions. This paper presents a social spider optimization (SSO) design of a small-size microstrip antenna. The designed antenna has a resonating frequency of 2. there is a small gap on both side of the microstrip with patch. The truncated cut to the radiating elements creates the Right Hand Circular (RHC) radiation pattern ideal for most amateur. In this model, the interior region of the patch antenna is modeled as a section of transmission line. Microstrip Patch Antenna HFSSv10 ( download simulation file) The microstrip patch antenna is a popular printed resonant antenna for narrow-band microwave wireless links. 27 mm at 5. Lastly, it is also important comparing the results in terms of bandwidth of the proposed arrays with typical series-fed patch antenna arrays. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo). A microstrip transmit patch antenna with harmonics suppression property has been designed for the 2. In some cases, users require a custom impedance value. My calculation gave me that you need to place your feed at about 12. In this chapter, a variety of procedures proposed in the literature to increase the impedance bandwidth of microstrip patch antennas are presented and discussed. The calculation of the length of the first dipole was carried out based on the lower operating frequency than 1. The microstrip calculator determines the width and length of a microstrip line for a given characteristic impedance (Zo) and electrical length or vice versa. Recently, with the development of the multilayer printed circuit board (MPCB) technology, the microstrip antennas can be designed and fabricated from one-dimensional (1D) to 2D and even 3D structures. can anybody help me for the dimensions of rectangular patch antenna at freq = 2. The antenna is designed withISSN: 1109-2742 63 Issue 1, Volume 9, January 2010 WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS M. Printed antennae. Rin (y=y_o)=Rin (y=0)*cos ( (pi/L)*y_o)^2. Other parameters for circular patch Design Other parameters for designing the hexagonal shape are reactance of circular patch and resonance frequency. em: talk - HFSS Tutorial 1: Microstrip Patch Antenna.